LM6 Castings
LM6
Aluminium Casting Alloy (AL – Si12)
Colour Code – Yellow
Chemical composition
Copper 0.1 Max
Magnesium 0.10 Max
Silicon 10.0 – 13.0
Iron 0.6 Max
Manganese 0.5 Max
Nickel 0.1 Max
Zinc 0.1 Max
Lead 0.1 Max
Tin 0.05 Max
Titanium 0.2 Max
Aluminium Remainder
Mechanical Properties
|
|
Sand Cast |
Chill Cast |
Die Cast |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.2 % Proof Stress ( N/mm2)* |
60 – 70 |
70 – 80 |
120 |
|
Tensile Stress ( N/mm2)* |
160 – 190 |
190 – 230 |
280 |
|
Elongation ( % )* |
5 – 10 |
7 – 15 |
2 – 5 |
|
Impact Resistance. Izod (Nm) |
6.0 |
9.0 |
- |
|
Brinell Hardness Number |
50 – 55 |
55 – 60 |
55 – 60 |
|
Endurance Limit ( 5 x 107 cycles +/- N/mm2) |
51 |
68 |
|
|
Modulus of Elasticity (x103 N/mm2) |
71 |
71 |
71 |
The values shown are typical for sand and chill cast bars produced to the requirements of BS 1490 or diecast 6mm diameter test bars; minimum specification requirements are in heavy type.
Strength at Elevated Temperatures
Tensile strength and hardness decrease fairly regularly with increasing temperature and become relatively poor at temperatures of the order of 150°C.
Physical Properties
Coefficient of thermal Expansion (per degree Centigrade at 20 – 30°C.) 0.0000020
Thermal Conductivity ( Cal / cm2 / cm / °C / sec at 20°C) 0.34
Electrical Conductivity ( % Copper Standard at 20°C) 37
Solidification Shrinkage (approx. %) 3.7
Specific Gravity 2.65
Freezing Range ( °C ) approx. 565 – 575
Figure for conductivity applies to Sand castings. Values are approximate and will vary with condition.
Machinability
Alloys of this and similar compositions are rather difficult to machine. This is due firstly to their tendency to drag and secondly to the rapid tool wear caused by the high silicon content.
Carbide-tipped tools with large rake angles and relatively low cutting speeds give comparatively good results. A cutting lubricant and coolant should be employed.
Corrosion Resistance
LM6 exhibits excellent resistance to corrosion under both ordinary atmospheric and marine conditions. For the severest conditions this property can be further enhanced by anodic treatment.
Anodising
LM6 can be anodised by any of the common processes. The resulting protective film ranges in colour from grey to dark brown.
Casting Characteristics
FLUIDITY – Can be cast into thinner and more intricate sections than any of the other types of casting alloys.
PRESSURE TIGHTNESS – Especially suitable for leak-tight castings.
HOT-TEARING – Castings in sand or chill moulds exhibit complete freedom from hot-tearing.
TYPICAL POURING TEMPERATURE – A typical temperature for sand and chill castings is 725°C but in practice it may range considerably above or below this value, according to the dimensions of the casting.
Pouring temperatures for diecastings depend very largely on the particular casting and the machine, and vary too widely for a typical temperature to provide useful guidance. The melt should not, however, be allowed to stand at temperatures only little above the freezing range or the bottom of the melt may become enriched in such elements as iron and manganese.
PATTERNMAKERS’ SHRINKAGE – 1.3% or 1/75 NB. For diecastings the shrinkage may be expected to be considerably less.
Heat Treatment
Ductility can be improved slightly be heating at 250-300°C, but apart from stress relieving the heat treatment of LM6 is of little industrial interest.
Applications and General Notes
Suitable for marine ‘on deck’ castings, water-cooled manifolds and jackets, motor-car and road transport fittings; thin sections and intricate castings such as motor housings, meter cases and switch-boxes; for very large castings, e.g. cast doors and panels where ease of casting is essential; for chemical and dye industry castings, e.g. pump parts; for paint industry and food and domestic castings. In general use where marine atmospheres or service conditions make corrosion resistance a matter of major importance. Especially suitable for castings that are to be welded. The ductility of LM6 alloy enables castings to be easily rectified or even modified in shape, e.g. simple components maybe cast straight and later bent to the required contour – equally adaptable for sand and permanent mould castings and for diecastings.
The aluminium-silicon alloys possess exceptional casting characteristics, which enable them to be used to produce intricate castings of thick and thin sections. Fluidity and freedom from hot-tearing increase with silicon content and are excellent throughout the range. Their resistance to corrosion is very good, but special care is required in machining. In general, the binary alloys are not heat-treated; at elevated temperatures their strength falls rapidly.
Although of medium strength, their hardness and elastic limit are low but they possess excellent ductility.
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